# fdisk -l
 

Detailed listing of mounts, mount points, and child directories.

> findmnt

 lsblk
 

 # mkdir /mnt/usb-drive 
 

 $ lsusb
 $ lsusb -v
 

More detailed version:

 $ usb-devices
 

  # e2label /dev/sda1 
  

Change label

  
  # e2label /dev/sda1 Boot
  

From the /etc/fstab file:

# blkid

Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a device; 
this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices that 
works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).

This shows possible error messages from the drive mounting

  $ dmesg.

  # mount /dev/sdc1 /mnt/usb-drive/
  

  # gdisk /dev/sdc
  

This is somewhat difficult to use because the mkpart command sometimes gives alignment errors.

  $ sudo parted /dev/sdd
  mklabel gpt
  
  (parted) print
  Model: ASMT 2105 (scsi)
  Disk /dev/sdd: 1000GB
  Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
  Partition Table: gpt
  Disk Flags:
  
  Number  Start  End  Size  File system  Name  Flags
  
  mkpart primary 0% 100%
  (parted) quit
  

  # mkfs.ext4 -L offsitebackup /dev/sdd1

  # mount /dev/sdd1 /mnt/offsitebackup
  

Reference: http://askubuntu.com/questions/116942/any-way-to-manually-make-a-bootable-usb-from-iso

 sudo dd if=/path/to.iso of=/dev/sdb bs=16M

NTFS does not have Linux-compatible permissions, so when you mount with a normal NTFS connection, you have wide-open permissions. To make the NTFS drive look like it has a specific owner and group, use something like this:

 mount -o uid=userid,gid=groupid,dmask=022,fmask=133 /path/to/disk /mnt 
 

https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/604674/chmod-is-not-working-on-ntfs-3g-partition

This compares directories of files and decides which files can be removed due to an algorithm.

-n Is a dry run mode only directory director - list of directories and files to compare. Items found first are the originals, and kept.

sudo rdfind -n true /var/nas/backup /var/archive/backup

find /path/to/dir -empty -type d -delete

find /path/to/dir -empty -type f -delete